Bacterial diversity refers to the variety of bacterial species present in a given environment. This area of research focuses on studying the different types of bacteria that exist in various ecosystems, such as soil, water, and the human body. Researchers often use DNA sequencing techniques to identify and classify bacterial species, as well as study their interactions with other organisms and the environment. Understanding bacterial diversity is important for applications ranging from agriculture to human health, as different species of bacteria can have significant impacts on the ecosystems they inhabit.